Support (cross-)compiling for mingw64

[fbrausse]

This PR contains the changes necessary for cross-compiling ESBMC from Gentoo to mingw64-11.0.0 using gcc-13.2.1 against Z3-4.13.0 (only, for now) and a mingw-build of Clang provided by @rafaelsamenezes in #1801 (comment). For reference, this is the CMake --toolchain file I used:

set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME               Windows)
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR          x86_64)

## Without that flag CMake is not able to pass test compilation check
#set(CMAKE_TRY_COMPILE_TARGET_TYPE   STATIC_LIBRARY)

# aarch64-linux-gnueabihf
set(arch                      "x86_64")
set(os                        "w64")
set(flavor                    "mingw32")

set(triple                    "${arch}-${os}-${flavor}")

set(TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX          "${triple}-")
set(CMAKE_SYSROOT             "/usr/${triple}")

#set(CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING_EMULATOR qemu-${arch} -L "${CMAKE_SYSROOT}"
#                                               -E LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/gcc/${triple}/11.2.0)

#set(CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING_EMULATOR sh -c '"$0" "$@" 2>/dev/null' wine64)
set(CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING_EMULATOR /home/kane/scorch/esbmc/x86_64-w64-mingw32.cross-emu.sh)
#set(CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING_EMULATOR env WINEDEBUG=fixme-all WINEPATH='/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/usr/bin\;/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/usr/lib\;/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13' wine64)

set(CMAKE_ASM_COMPILER_TARGET ${triple})
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER_TARGET   ${triple})
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_TARGET ${triple})

set(CMAKE_AR                  ${TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX}ar${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX})
set(CMAKE_ASM_COMPILER        ${TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX}gcc${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX})
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER          ${TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX}gcc${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX})
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER        ${TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX}g++${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX})
set(CMAKE_LINKER              ${TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX}ld${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX})
set(CMAKE_OBJCOPY             ${TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX}objcopy${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX} CACHE INTERNAL "")
set(CMAKE_RANLIB              ${TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX}ranlib${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX} CACHE INTERNAL "")
set(CMAKE_SIZE                ${TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX}size${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX} CACHE INTERNAL "")
set(CMAKE_STRIP               ${TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX}strip${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX} CACHE INTERNAL "")

#set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS             "-Wno-psabi --specs=nosys.specs -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -Wl,--gc-sections" CACHE INTERNAL "")
#set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS             "-Wno-psabi -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -Wl,--gc-sections" CACHE INTERNAL "")
#set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS           "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -fno-exceptions" CACHE INTERNAL "")

#set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG       "-Os -g" CACHE INTERNAL "")
#set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE     "-Os -DNDEBUG" CACHE INTERNAL "")
#set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG     "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG}" CACHE INTERNAL "")
#set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE   "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE}" CACHE INTERNAL "")

# for symbol '_setjmp' in llvm+clang-14-mingw
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_LIBRARIES "-lmsvcrt-os -lkernel32 -luser32 -lgdi32 -lwinspool -lshell32 -lole32 -loleaut32 -luuid -lcomdlg32 -ladvapi32" CACHE STRING "")
set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD_LIBRARIES "-lmsvcrt-os -lkernel32 -luser32 -lgdi32 -lwinspool -lshell32 -lole32 -loleaut32 -luuid -lcomdlg32 -ladvapi32" CACHE STRING "")

set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY BOTH)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE BOTH)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE ONLY)

and this is the x86_64-w64-mingw32.cross-emu.sh:

#!/bin/sh

ulimit -m $((8<<20))
exec env \
	WINEDEBUG=fixme-all \
	WINEPATH='/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/usr/bin;/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32/usr/lib;/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/13' \
	wine64 "$@"

[rafaelsamenezes]

That's great! Do you have a list of dependencies and a description about how the environment was set? I few like we should add this into the CI somehow.

[fbrausse]

@rafaelsamenezes I've added a description at https://github.com/esbmc/esbmc/blob/fb/mingw/BUILDING-cross-mingw.md. Because I was using an Ubuntu-22.04 VM, unfortunately, I couldn't finish the last step, because the gcc-mingw-w64-x86-64-posix is version 10, whose libstdc++ is incompatible with the one you used to build Clang-14 with. I've got to repeat those steps on a newer Ubuntu VM to be sure.

In case you want to give it a shot, please do.

[fbrausse]

Well, I tried Ubuntu-24.04, and it is even less compatible than 22.04, because its x86_64-w64-mingw32 toolchain isn't built with UCRT anymore. There is no way to use the standard packages from that latest Ubuntu version. Fedora seems to have packaged a separate x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt toolchain, but that won't help us since the Github CI doesn't provide Fedora (as far as I know).

We could recompile Clang-14 (or maybe rather v13, see #1003 (comment)) with the toolchain file on Ubuntu-22.04...

[rafaelsamenezes]

We could recompile Clang-14 (or maybe rather v13, see #1003 (comment)) with the toolchain file on Ubuntu-22.04...

Hm, not sure what to do. IMO we should try to move forward into 24.04 since is the next LTS. It has from LLVM 14 up to 18.